Under his direction, the city of Philadelphia was planned and developed. Their borders remain unchanged to this day. 15. Firstly the colony was founded because Britain gave the and to William Penn to repay debt owed to his father, as previously discussed. In the other colonies there had been much hardship and many had died from sickness or famine, but here all went well from the start. In a series of treaties based on mutual trust, he established good relations with the Delaware Indians. The government included a representative legislature with popularly elected officials. William Penn had mandated fair dealings with Native Americans. The Lenape-Delaware were forced into the Shamokin and Wyoming Valleys, which were already overcrowded with other displaced tribes. The city of Philadelphia was already laid out on a grid pattern according to his instructions, and settlers were pouring in to take up the fertile lands lying around it. He was sent thither in early life, sat in the council as its first member (1753-55), and after eight years in England came back in 1763 as lieutenant governor. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}40°17′46″N 75°30′32″W / 40.296°N 75.509°W / 40.296; -75.509, Forest, Tuomi J., William Penn Visionary Proprietor, See the Genealogical Map of Pennsylvania Counties developed by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 11th Edition (1999), Historic Pennsylvania Hospital,The American Journal of Nursing , Vol. William Penn (14 October 1644 – 30 July 1718) was an English real estate entrepreneur, philosopher, early Quaker and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, the English North American colony and the future Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. 39, No. Pennsylvanian farms produced wheat, corn, cattle, and dairy. With Philadelphia as its capital, Pennsylvania soon became the keystone of the English colonies. 1751 was an auspicious year for the colony. Swedes were the first European settlers in Pennsylvania. Penn dates its founding to 1740, when a plan emerged to build a Philadelphia charity school that would double as a house of worship. The General Assembly, also known as the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly, was the largest and most representative branch of government, but had little power. It also encouraged the rapid growth of Philadelphia into America's most important city and of the Pennsylvania Dutch Country hinterlands, where German (or "Deutsch") religions and political refugees prospered on the fertile soil and spirit of cultural creativeness. However, the British defeated the Dutch in 1664 and took control over the area. After construction was underway, however, the cost was seen to be much greater than the available resources, and the project went unfinished for a decade. He was a great man with a great purpose, and will always be remembered in Pennsylvania. He confided his Pennsylvania interests to the capable hands of James Logan, who upheld them loyally for the next half century. Among them were An Essay Towards the Present and Future Peace of Europe (1693), in which he proposed an international organization to prevent wars by arbitrating disputes, and A Brief Account of the Rise and Progress of the People Called Quakers (1694), which was the earliest serious effort to set down the history of the Quaker movement. Relations with the home government were strained by the Quakers’ conscientious refusal to provide military defense. William Penn- The founder of the great colony of Pennsylvania. The Proprietors of the colony made treaties in 1718, 1732, 1737, 1749, 1754 and 1754 pushing the boundaries of the colony (still within the original royal grant) north and west. This is demonstrated especially in the trip of the colony founder William Penn, who, upon reaching Pennsylvania, had lost about a third of his passengers due to smallpox. He settled many of the outstanding difficulties, though he was compelled to grant the Pennsylvania Assembly preeminence in 1701 in a revised constitution known as the Charter of Privileges. William Penn "Pennsylvania was so named, in 1681, after William Penn, the founder of Philadelphia. He was an early advocate of democracy and religious freedom, notable for his' good relations and successful treaties with the Lenape Indians. It would be at Independence Hall in Philadelphia where the Declaration of Independence was signed by our founding fathers and a new nation was formed. Much of the land near present-day Philadelphia was held by the Delaware (Lenni Lenape) who would expect payment in exchange for a quitclaim to vacate the territory. Penn’s close relations with James brought him under a cloud when William and Mary came to the throne, and for a time he was forced to live virtually in hiding to avoid arrest. Tribes of the Ohio River valley lived in the central and western parts of the state. Charles named the colony Pennsylvania ("Penn's woods" in Latin), after the elder Penn, which the younger Penn found embarrassing, as he feared people would think he had named the colony after himself. [1] Philadelphia became a major port and commercial city.[2]. This page was last edited on 4 February 2021, at 03:03. He also allowed the lower counties to form their own independent government. The proprietary colony's charter remained in the hands of the Penn family until they were ousted by the American Revolution, when the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania was created and became one of the original thirteen states. But the Act of Toleration (1689), passed after James’s abdication, finally established the principle for which Penn had laboured so long and faithfully. Choose from 500 different sets of pennsylvania colony us history flashcards on Quizlet. The “lower counties” were unhappy at being unequally yoked with the larger province of Pennsylvania. The Naming of the Pennsylvania Colony King Charles II of England specified in the charter given to William Penn that the name should be Pennsylvania. [7] By the time the French and Indian War began in 1754, the Assembly had established the additional counties of Lancaster (1729), York (1749), Cumberland (1750), Berks (1752) and Northampton (1752). "The lower counties on Delaware", a separate colony within the province, broke away during the American Revolution as "the Delaware State" and was also one of the original thirteen states. Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in the British American colonies,[10] and The Academy and College of Philadelphia, the predecessor to the private University of Pennsylvania,[11] both opened. With the accession of his friend the duke of York as James II in 1685, Penn found himself in a position of great influence at court, whereby he was able to have hundreds of Quakers, as well as political prisoners such as John Locke, released from prison. According to Voltaire, the Shackamaxon Treaty was "the only treaty between Indians and Christians that was never sworn to and that was never broken. 1306-1311, College Founding in the American Colonies, 1745-1775 Beverly McAnear, The Mississippi Valley Historical Review , Vol. This purchase has become known as the Walking Purchase. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Its history includes occupations by the Dutch, Swedish, British—and the colony of Pennsylvania, which included Delaware until 1703. Penn also drafted (1696) the first plan for a future union of the American colonies, a document that presaged the U.S. Constitution. Follow Pennsylvania Trails of History through our nation's farming, industrial, military and community roots. The Pennsylvania Colony . An English Colony The first settlers in the region were the Dutch and the Swedish. Britain fought for control of the neighboring Ohio Country with France during the French and Indian War, and following the British victory the territory was formally ceded to them in 1763 and became part of the British Empire. His people wanted freedom of worship and religion to all citizens. He founded Pennsylvania because he wanted a place for Quakers to seek refuge, and funded it by using the king's debts to his father. The colonial administrators claimed that they had a deed dating to the 1680s in which the Lenape-Delaware had promised to sell a portion of land beginning between the junction of the Delaware River and Lehigh River (present Easton, Pennsylvania) "as far west as a man could walk in a day and a half." The Pennsylvania colony grants religious freedom to all people. The land grant was made in exchange for paying of the King’s debt. Although the document was most likely a forgery, the Lenape did not realize that. His eldest son, William, Jr., turned out a scapegrace. 24-44. In 1696, his first wife having died in 1694, Penn married Hannah Callowhill, by whom he had seven children, five of whom lived to adulthood. Among the first groups were the Mennonites, who founded Germantown in 1683; and the Amish, who established the Northkill Amish Settlement in 1740. This netted the Penns 1,200,000 acres (4,900 km2) of land in what is now northeastern Pennsylvania, an area roughly equivalent to the size of the state of Rhode Island in the purchase. Charles II, King of England owed money to Penn’s family. A few months later the duke of York granted him the three “lower counties” (later Delaware). The Pennsylvania Colony was founded in 1682 by William Penn and other colonists. Penn had meanwhile become involved in American colonization as a trustee for Edward Byllynge, one of the two Quaker proprietors of West New Jersey. Governor of Pennsylvania. It was not until several decades into the next century that additional treaties with the Native Americans were concluded. William Penn founded the colony of Pennsylvania by Unknown. The pace was so intense that only one runner actually completed the "walk," covering an astonishing 70 miles (110 km). List of colonial governors of Pennsylvania, United States Declaration of Independence, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://iro.uiowa.edu/view/delivery/01IOWA_INST/12730636370002771/13730826940002771, http://xroads.virginia.edu/~cap/penn/pnind.html, https://www.phmc.state.pa.us%2Fbah%2Fdam%2Frg%2Fdi%2Fr17_522ConnectedDraftAndOtherMaps%2FPennsylvaniaGenealogicalMapOfTheCounties.pdf&usg=AOvVaw098KEykqrxtYLoZE80PLXb, "Pennsylvania's Anarchist Experiment: 1681–1690", https://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/treaty-of-shackamaxon-2/, https://hiddencityphila.org/2014/05/respectfully-remembering-the-affable-one/, William Penn: Preface to the Frame of Government of Pennsylvania, 1682, "Members and Districts by Session, 1682-1775", Wilkes University Election Statistics Project, Pennsylvania General Assembly: Pennsylvania Constitution, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Province_of_Pennsylvania&oldid=1004737005, 1776 disestablishments in the British Empire, Former British colonies and protectorates in the Americas, States and territories established in 1681, 1681 establishments in the British Empire, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Leonard, Joan de Lourdes.
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